Irish travellers excluded essays

Irish voyagers barred papers Irish voyagers are a minority bunch that experience wide-spread bigotry. Not very many settled individuals need to acknowledge that explorers are an unmistakable ethnic gathering with their own conventions and customs. They are seen through the eyes of settled individuals as issue networks and swindlers, as opposed to individuals who have been denied the most fundamental rights. In this article I want to demonstrate that the voyaging network do encounter wide-spread prejudice with regards to wellbeing and settlement and in any event, accessing foundations, for example, bars and shops. The voyaging network of Ireland is right now 0.5% of the populace, which is roughly 24,000 people1. These individuals can be recognized as the pariahs of Irish society because of their social structure and financial aspects, which are fundamentally not the same as that of society on the loose. Voyagers business is for the most part directed in the casual division thus remains to a great extent untaxed, this has lead to explorers being underestimated by many displeased citizens in the settle network. This is an uncalled for see given that explorer ladies and youngsters have consistently assumed a financial job in our general public, including asking, road exchanging and fortune telling and so on. These are individuals who highly esteem their capacity to get by in the most troublesome of conditions and to get by in the most horrible of situations. With regards to the soundness of explorers, it is demonstrated that their future is essentially shorter than that of the settled network: the normal future of a male individual from the voyaging network is 10 12 years not exactly for settled men2. This is a significant huge number of years. The abode quarters that numerous voyagers involve are a central point while considering explorers bastard anticipation and high newborn child death rates, yet the administration has still not managed the settlement emergency. ... <!

Shutter island free essay sample

Julia Kristevas 1982 record of wretchedness as a rule has associations with film according to the thriller, a kind where scenes of blood and passing component unmistakably, epitomizing a portion of the dangers to subjectivity that establish the contemptible. Interestingly, this paper finds wretchedness in the filmic organization, where difficulties to subjectivity emerge through spatial limitation, extraordinary control or psychological maladjustment, and perpetually lead to visual tumult and story issue. These attributes appear to be general to the American foundation film †the ‘institution film’ being, for the motivations behind this paper, one in which the establishment is vital to story association. Surely, such examples of offense show up normally all through the class entrenched history, being prominent in high-security settings. It is along these lines applicable to wander from ordinary Foucauldian examinations of the foundation to a hypothetical model that fixates on the ramifications of constraint. Kristevas 1982 hypothesis of wretchedness gives such a model, which this paper uses to clarify how anecdotal foundations influence subjectivity. We will compose a custom paper test on Screen island or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This paper contends that as destinations of outrageous control, such establishments become servile spaces, wretchedness showing inside both the mise-en-scene and cinematography. According to the haven, misery further rises in the idea of psychological maladjustment. Alluding to Scorseses Shutter Island (2010), I connect servility with the loss of character that the movies hero encounters, taking into account how misery outwardly shows in the physical spaces of the haven, and impels the story direction forward. Julia Kristevas 1982 record of servility for the most part has associations with film according to the thriller, a classification wherein scenes of blood and demise include noticeably, epitomizing a portion of the dangers to subjectivity that establish the miserable. Interestingly, this paper finds wretchedness in the filmic establishment, where difficulties to subjectivity emerge through spatial limitation, extraordinary control or dysfunctional behavior, and perpetually lead to visual turmoil and story issue. These qualities appear to be all inclusive to the American establishment film †the ‘institution film’ being, for the reasons for this paper, one in which the foundation is fundamental to account association. In reality, such examples of offense show up consistently all through the class entrenched history, being obvious in high-security settings. It is accordingly applicable to separate from normal Foucauldian examinations of the establishment to a hypothetical model that fixates on the ramifications of constraint. Kristevas 1982 hypothesis of servility gives such a model, which this paper uses to clarify how anecdotal foundations influence subjectivity. This paper contends that as destinations of extraordinary control, such organizations become miserable spaces, misery showing inside both the mise-en-scene and cinematography. Corresponding to the haven, misery further develops in the idea of psychological maladjustment. Alluding to Scorseses Shutter Island (2010), I connect misery with the loss of personality that the movies hero encounters, taking into account how wretchedness outwardly shows in the physical spaces of the refuge, and drives the story direction forward. Julia Kristevas 1982 record of servility as a rule has associations with film comparable to the thriller, a type wherein scenes of blood and demise include noticeably, epitomizing a portion of the dangers to subjectivity that comprise the wretched. Conversely, this paper finds wretchedness in the filmic foundation, where difficulties to subjectivity emerge through spatial limitation, outrageous control or dysfunctional behavior, and constantly lead to visual confusion and account issue. These characteristics appear to be widespread to the American establishment film †the ‘institution film’ being, for the motivations behind this paper, one in which the foundation is integral to account association. To be sure, such examples of offense show up normally all through the class entrenched history, being obvious in high-security settings. It is in this manner applicable to veer from run of the mill Foucauldian investigations of the establishment to a hypothetical model that fixates on the ramifications of suppression. Kristevas 1982 hypothesis of misery gives such a model, which this paper uses to clarify how anecdotal establishments influence subjectivity. This paper contends that as locales of outrageous control, such organizations become miserable spaces, misery showing inside both the mise-en-scene and cinematography. Comparable to the shelter, misery further rises in the idea of psychological instability. Alluding to Scorseses Shutter Island (2010), I connect wretchedness with the loss of character that the movies hero encounters, taking into account how misery outwardly shows in the physical spaces of the shelter, and pushes the account direction forward. Julia Kristevas 1982 record of servility typically has associations with film according to the thriller, a classification wherein scenes of blood and demise include conspicuously, representing a portion of the dangers to subjectivity that comprise the miserable. Conversely, this paper finds misery in the filmic foundation, where difficulties to subjectivity emerge through spatial limitation, extraordinary control or psychological maladjustment, and perpetually lead to visual bedlam and story issue. These attributes appear to be all inclusive to the American establishment film †the ‘institution film’ being, for the motivations behind this paper, one in which the foundation is vital to story association. For sure, such examples of offense show up normally all through the class settled history, being obvious in high-security settings. It is in this manner applicable to wander from common Foucauldian examinations of the organization to a hypothetical model that fixates on the ramifications of constraint. Kristevas 1982 hypothesis of servility gives such a model, which this paper uses to clarify how anecdotal foundations influence subjectivity. This paper contends that as destinations of extraordinary control, such establishments become miserable spaces, misery showing inside both the mise-en-scene and cinematography. According to the refuge, wretchedness further rises in the idea of psychological instability. Alluding to Scorseses Shutter Island (2010), I associate servility with the loss of personality that the movies hero encounters, taking into account how misery outwardly shows in the physical spaces of the refuge, and impels the story direction forward. Shade Island free exposition test In the event that you have seen the film Shutter Island, you will see that point is as indicated by scrip in this film. Andrew Laeddis was a warrior who joined the World War Two and eliminated Germany detainees of war in concentration camp. At that point he turned into a U. S. Marshal in Boston, and became drunkards and disregarded his self-destructive spouse. Her better half consumed their loft at that point suffocating their three children in the back yard. Andrew slaughtered his significant other to â€Å"set her free† and consumed their home. As indicated by what Dr. Cawley clarify his manifestations at the end: â€Å"You wrongdoing is horrible, one you can’t excuse yourself for, so you developed another self. You make a story which you are not a killer, you’re a saint, still a U. S Marshal, just here as a result of a case†. This film depends on a psychological clinic/jail, so the majority of individuals in it have some thoughtful variation from the norm. We will compose a custom exposition test on Shade Island or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In any case, I just spotlight on Andrew’s issue. Most dysfunctional behavior patient will hold different scatters, similar to he additionally has mistreatment lunacy and proclivity for brutality. Prior to determination his issue, I think the foundation information and social components presentation for that period is fundamental. The World War Two was end by 1945 and this story occurred in 1954. During that time, organic point of view and psychopharmacology viewpoint for irregular psychology’s treatment had a discussion/war. Previous accentuated utilize careful mediation: psychosurgery, as Tran’s orbital lobotomy or chlorpromazine sedate, to take care of the issue exhaustive and snappy. In any case, the last accept that invest energy and cash to make individuals â€Å"unless upbeat and peace† is commendable. Andrew is a genuine DID persistent who endured the war and fratricidal, additionally with affinity to brutality and distrustfulness. This film depicts the last psychopharmacological treatment, pretend treatment, which signaled him at long last. As per the DSM-IV-TR 5-hub to determination his side effect: lâ Axis I: Schizophrenia and PTSD. Singled, scene. This is clear in the entire film. lâ Axis II: distrustful character issue and reserved character issue. lâ Axis III: the film doesn't make reference to in the event that he overdose or not. In any case, he had been utilized chlorpromazine for a long time and his hands will shake severely when he quit taking the pills. Additionally, his headache might be brought about by ailments, as well. This isn't clear in the film). lâ Axis IV: stressor from tempest or water will cause headache or regurgitation. Some other things about Nazi/German will cause streak back to the concentration camp and recall the Jewish music at that day. lâ Axis V: I am issue that Andrew’s GAF score is lower than 30. This is lamentable to such an extent that Andrew has such a sig nificant number of issues. The film is just two hours however we can see the issue from his practices. As per analysis from film: â€Å"patient is profoundly smart, exceptionally hallucinating enlivened armed force veteran, present for the freedom of Dachau previous U. S. Marshal. K

Best of Book Riot The Great American Novel Yes, Please

Best of Book Riot The Great American Novel Yes, Please To celebrate the end of the year, were running some of our favorite posts from the last six months. Well be back with all-new stuff on January 7th. _________________________ Last week in Salon, Julia Ingalls used Barbara Kingsolvers latest novel, Flight Behavior, as a jumping-off point to ask the question, Is the Great American Novel still relevant? Leaving aside how many times that question has been asked, and whether there is any clear definition of the Great American Novel to begin with, the essay-cum-review is so full of question-begging I couldnt resist tugging at the strings of Ingallss tightly bound package of doom and gloom. Ingalls opens with a theme she will harp on throughout, that we live in an era when social mobility is passé, and everything hinges on a two-tier system. Her evidence for this is meager at best; she conflates the two different sets of wages and benefits for new union hires in Detroit with telecom pushes against net neutrality, diffential tuitions at a community college, and the uneven placement of tolls between New York and New Jersey as evidence for a class division. Something tells me should wouldnt object to, say, a two-tier tax systemâ€"except to say that it should be more divisive than that. More than anything, Ingallss complaints seem bizarre. She claims that American politicans consistuents think forklift refers to a movement preceding the salad courseâ€"what would actually be shocking is if anyone thought that. And if she doesnt think people are still happy to leave the Old World, and all of the ingrained prejudices and inflexible lifestyles that it implied to come to the US as a land of opportunity, well, she should probably get out more. None of that is to say that we should look at the country through rose-colored lenses, but avoiding sunglasses indoors is probably warranted. I have not read Flight Behavior, but many of the descriptions of how culturally stunted its milieu is give pause. [S]et in rural Appalachia[t]his is a place where basic cable sets the cultural high-water mark and [a]side from television, all of [protagonist Dellarobia Turnbow] exposure to culture is limited to the local papers and the low-grade bitchery of interfamilial politics. Rural America may encompass the least wired parts of the country, but 85% of adult men and women use the internet, including 61% with no high school diploma, 80% of high school grads without further education, and 75% of those making less than $30,000 per year. How much culture does Ingalls suppose was available in rural Appalachia at the time of her Great American Novel heroes like Gatsby or Huck Finn? As Ingalls laments the perceived irrelevance of college to many in Dellarobias town, did she stop to wonder about whether a sheep farmer really does need a BA, or whether that might not be the best investment? Or how many more people go to college now than ever before, with its accompanying drop in the value of a degree and increase in the number of college grads employed in relatively low-skilled jobsâ€"with student loans to pay off? No, the internet and mobile phones are not universal, but the idea that our world is only getting smaller is a stretch. Horror of horrors, Dellarobia has never been on an airplane! (According to Gallup, just over half of Americans have flown in the past year; lifetime unique passenger data has proved hard to come by, but we can be confident that Dellarobia is far from alone.) The college thing grates most for Ingalls. For her, it reads like a death knell for the novel and a free society in general: the idea that higher education is somehow an option, an unnecessary and ego-bloated expense meant only for a pre-selected few. The idea that not everyone wants, needs, or should go to college is taboo; institutionalized higher education is a must, no matter the cost (or benefit), and to consider it a luxury a sign of being in a walled-in, reified class, never a thoughtful rejection of elite cultural norms. That the free society we currently live in was constructed by people who had no notion of contemporary tertiary education would seem obvious, and the reveal that Dellarobia does, indeed, break out of her small worldâ€"because she happens to want toâ€"ends up answering Ingallss Great American Novel question in the affirmative. I cant help thinking, with Phillip Roths recent announcement that he will no longer be writing fiction, of another Great American Novel, his American Pastoral. The New Jersey Roths characters grow up in is no bed of roses, and the two-tired religio-cultural stratification they experience is much more immediate than questions of whether Comcast is going to meter your Bit Torrent downloads. Just as Ingalls concludes: [I]t’s vital that we never write ourselves off just because of our perceived class. That spirit of adventure, that embrace of chaos, the refusal to give up on our dreamsâ€"oh, hell, being “American”â€"should never go out of style. But how much hand-wringing is necessary along the way? We all have obstacles to overcome, some much greater than others, and no, [t]here are no guarantees. When have there been? Just as Huck Finns troubles were different from Gatsbys, Gatsbys different from Swede Lvovs, and Lvovs different from Dellarobias, the Great American Novel evolves to address what it may take for contemporaries to make it, no matter how many tiers there are and how high the walls between them.

The Circuit by Francisco Jimenez Free Essay Example, 1000 words

Panchito rushes home â€Å"to tell Papà ¡ and Mamà ¡ the great news† (4). But he enters the shack only to find all their belongings â€Å"neatly packed in cardboard boxes† (5) yet again. The boxes symbolize Panchito’s imprisonment within â€Å"The Circuit† of migrant life. They represent the shattering of his dreams to live the life of a normal schoolboy and the end of his chance to learn music. He must put away the joy of his short life of a schoolboy once again, and set out with his family on the endless circle of moving and working. 2. The California that Panchito’s family moves to is definitely a very different place from Roberto’s expectations. Roberto believes that California is a place where ‘the streets are paved with gold, ’ and it will be easy for them to get rich there. Instead, the family experiences great economic hardship as migrant farm workers. They move continuously from one place to another in search of work, following the picking season for the various crops. The California that Panchito’s family moves to gives them a life of back-breaking work, picking fruits and cotton for low wages. We will write a custom essay sample on The Circuit by Francisco Jimenez or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Panchito’s â€Å"body ached all over† (4) after a day in the fields. They pick fruits in terribly high temperatures of â€Å"almost one hundred degrees† (3). They have to manage with meager food and clothing, and poor living conditions in rough huts and broken-down garages. The garage is windowless, has a dirt floor and a â€Å"roof full of holes† (2). Panchito sleeps â€Å"outside under the trees† (3). There is no job security. They are glad to get any job on the farms. Panchito’s mother is very thankful to find work for a whole season in Fresno – â€Å"Mama clasped her hands† (2). The children cannot get a regular education because of need to move on when the picking in that particular area is over. This makes it difficult for Panchito to master English. He is always â€Å"struggling for English words† (4) because he speaks only Spanish with his family. I would not want to live in Panc hito’s California because the children are always on the move, and have no place to call ‘home. ’ They cannot attend a regular school, or make friends, and they suffer great hardship and poverty. 3. The title of the story, ‘The Circuit, ’ means a roughly circular line. It makes me think of moving round and round the same area, without any change in direction. It brings me back to the same place and makes me feel a sense of monotony. I think of Panchito’s family moving continuously from one farm to another, always working hard in the hot sun, living in broken-down huts and struggling against poverty.

Essay on Consumption in American Culture at the End of...

Consumption in American Culture at the End of History In the novel Brave New World , the denizens of Aldous Huxley’s dystopia live in a rigidly structured consumer culture. From young ages, they are conditioned to hate the outdoors so that as adults they will prefer activities that require large amounts of manufactured products and long trips that utilize the maximum amount of infrastructure. That is what keeps the world humming, and there are important similarities between Huxley’s vision of social control through pleasure and the rigid policing of tastes, activities, and consumption in our own 21st century culture. The new trend and buzzword now is globalization, and the contemporary reaction to the expansion of global†¦show more content†¦Before looking at the similarities between the two, it is important to understand the basis of political and economic liberalism. The Western concept of individual autonomy stresses the collective sum of choices as the good of the community. Following the writings of Jea n Jacques Rousseau, individual autonomy became enshrined in political and economic liberalism. Civil rights and liberties had been the environment wherein concepts like private property and democracy find their purchase in the west. Liberal economists like Adam Smith stressed the of importance of keeping private enterprise free of the encumbrance of government intrusion which, it is argued, allows for the best outcome for society even though no one actually planned it. The hidden hand of Laissez-Faire capitalism would ostensibly result in the best outcome. The struggle is interminable, but society continually evolves according to the free play of individual choices. Immanuel Kant, who took Rousseau’s autonomous individual and built an ethical theory, posited history itself as the process of development resulting from these choices. Kant argued that the great engine of history (and one could add the hidden hand as well) was the â€Å"unsocial sociability† of the p eople competingShow MoreRelatedFranklin Delano s Inaugural Address1441 Words   |  6 Pagesinevitable demise, Franklin D. Roosevelt comes to the stand and speaks words that would ring on in American history for decades to come. He first reassures the American people that he will be spear heading the problems that have besieged the nation and then exclaims the timeless phrase â€Å" There is nothing to fear but fear itself.† These words couldn’t come at a more pressing time in American history. The very essence of what America stood for was at risk and the only person that could truly stop thisRead MoreConsumerism Warping Human Values : We Are Consumers1696 Words   |  7 Pagesconsumerism. Therapeutic ethos has created a consumption-oriented ideology that ultimately transformed American culture and life, as we know it. This multi-dimensional approach shifted nineteenth-century American values of frugality, moderation, and self-denial to periodic leisure, compulsive spending, and individual self-fulfillment. There are three main factors that contributed to this transformation: radio and billboards, credit, and mind-cure religion. Consumer culture developed out of the rise of modernityRead MoreAmerica And The American Dream983 Words   |  4 Pages Through the media, America and the American Dream is depicted as the salvation for poverty, sorrow, and hardship. The Founding Fathers invented the American Dream, offering life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Unfortunately, an abundance of immigrants were falling short of possessing the American Dream and slowly began to realize that these alluring portrayals were merely a facade. Wealthy and influential corporations needed to revitalize the American Dream before it would dissolve amongstRead MoreThe Illegal Drug Business1361 Words   |  5 Pagesof money. The history of the illegal drug business in the United States The illegal trade of drugs across borders has primarily grown because of the increased prohibitions of drug trading in many countries by their governments and the mass amount of money that is involved to be profited from in its trade. The government of the United States of America has taken several steps in its history in order to restrict or end drug trafficking in the country. Socially, the American culture has been vastlyRead MoreAlcohol Consumption And Underage Drinking1561 Words   |  7 PagesAlcohol consumption and underage drinking has been a major social problem and public health concern for centuries. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), â€Å"Alcohol is the most commonly used and abused drug among youth in the United States, more than tobacco and illicit drugs, and is responsible for more than 4,300 annual deaths among underage youth (Fact Sheets - Underage Drinking). Alcohol has always been part of our culture as well as a debatable topic in our society a nd the controversyRead MoreJohn Soluri s Banana Cultures : Agriculture, Consumption And Environmental Change870 Words   |  4 PagesBanana Cultures: Agriculture, Consumption and Environmental Change in Honduras and the United States, (Which for spatial and repetitive purposes, I will refer to as Banana Cultures for the remainder of the paper), introduces the reader to a world of corporate greed, consumption, and environmental change using the history of the common, everyday fruit, the banana. He explores the various political occurrences, health problems, and changes in mass media through the rise of the consumption of the bananaRead MoreThe Great Depression Essay858 Words   |  4 Pagespolitics of consumption. The collapse of the U.S. economy following the Wall Street Crash in October 1929 was sudden and shocking. By mid-1930, the economy was at a virtual standstill. As David Kennedy explains, when Franklin D. Roosevelt entered the White House in March 1933, the gross national product had dropped to half its 1929 level (Anthony, pp, 73). A quarter of the workforce, meanwhile, was unemployed. And yet, paradoxically, during the Great Depression, the idea that consumption—and consumers—heldRead MoreThe Culture Of The Italian Cuisine1551 Words   |  7 Pagesthe early history of many countries, food always plays an important part in the development of the country and the economy as well. From starting out simple, the recipes evolve and spread after being handed down and spoken to others. Food is what defines many cultures, and is able to bring many people together in many cases. For example, food is what stands a major tradition in many families, recipes being a secret between t he members. This is one way that it plays in importance in cultures. ItalianRead More Global Markets vs. Local Realities Essay1599 Words   |  7 Pagescommodities when they cross cultural borders? Howes recent edited volume, Cross-Cultural Consumption, sets out explicitly to answer this very question. Through a diverse and highly accessible set of collected papers, inspired and adapted from a special issue of Anthropogie et Sociitis on Culture and Consumption, the reader finds an excellent introduction to the major themes in the anthropological approach to consumption. Situated squarely within the booming literature on the globalization of consumerRead MoreEssay on Prohibition in 20th Century America1137 Words   |  5 Pages white Anglo-Saxon Protestant establishment, aware that its privileges and natural right to rule were being increasingly threatened by the massive arrival of largely despised (and feared) beer-swilling, wine-drinking new American immigrants (Behr, 1996). Ma ny of the Americans had descended from Protestant, British roots and felt they had they right and obligation to uphold the moral piety of those around them to ensure the survival of their Religion centered society. There are other takes

An Effective Team And Is Communication Effective - 1757 Words

Working in Teams The video presented for this assignment showed us a group with definite issues. The group is attempting to work on an analysis project to implement something new. We witness the initial meeting and the â€Å"group leaders† reaction afterwards. There is not much to go on beyond this information. It is clear though, that the group will fail unless actions are taken to create more effective communication, proper motivation, and constructive conflict management. Is This an Effective Team and is Communication Effective? This team consists of, what appears to be, people of similar status within the company. No one is a subordinate to the other. In order for us to determine whether or not this is an effective team, we must evaluate three factors. In the case of team performance, it may be too early to tell based on the video, my initial thoughts are that the team does not appear engaged in the project and therefore, may not put in a full effort to achieve the goals of the team. With regards to membership satisfaction, again, they do not appear to even want to have the meeting, much less participate in a project together. Based on the little information we see from one meeting; I believe satisfaction to be low. This brings us the last determination of an effective team, viability. This group has a member moving to another area of the company, and another distracted by the fact that her mother-in-law is moving in. Based on the small subset we see of thisShow MoreRelatedEssay on Effective Team Co mmunication1783 Words   |  8 PagesEffective Team Communication In the environment today, it is not unusual to see people working in teams to accomplish certain goals and tasks. During our youth, parents and teachers encourage us through various methods to work as part of a team. Whether a sports team, classroom team, or after school activities, parents and teachers and other authority figures start the introduction of working in teams and teaching the value of being able to work together to accomplish a common goal. As peopleRead MoreEffective Communication And Health Care Teams1308 Words   |  6 PagesEffective communication dramatically enhances the success of health care teams. Effective communication presents many positive implications for health care teams, including enhanced patient and team morale (O’Daniel Rosenstein, 2008, p. 273). Despite the positives of effective communication many health care teams are still presented with constant communication breakdown which can lead to detrimental outcomes for the patient and the team (Costa Lusk, 2017, p. 129). Communication breakdown willRead MoreEffective Communication in Team Dynamics Essay1096 Words   |  5 Pageseventually work in a team setting. A team usually consists of three or more people who have a common goal or purpose. When working in a team, members have to decide what roles they will fill, plan their schedules for projects, and deal with upcoming team conflicts. Stewart, Sims Manz (1999) stated, â€Å"For a team to succeed, team members need to effectively communicate with one another† (p. 79). While each element of teamwork is important, effective communication is the cornerstone to team dynamics. Read MoreEffective Communication and Collaboration in Team Settings1303 Words   |  6 PagesEffective Communication and Collaboration in Team Settings Working in an unfamiliar environment can be tough for one to fathom. Add individuals with different backgrounds, personalities, ethics and views to the recipe and the result can be either cataclysmal or a successful learning experience. A key resource to success in work and team relationships is the knowledge to recognize certain personality traits and learning specifics of other individuals. Only then can one acclimate to communicateRead MoreThe Importance of Effective Team Communication and How It Is Achieved1313 Words   |  6 Pageshead: THE IMPORTANCE OF TEAM COMMUNICATION The Importance Of Effective Team Communication and How It Is Achieved Janette L. North-Kabore University of Phoenix References Internal Communication - Getting Your Companys Brand Across to Your Employees. (2009, February 17). Retrieved from http://www.teambuildingtips.com/team-building-articles/team-communication/internal-communication---getting-your-companys-brand-across-to-your-employees.html Introduction To Teams. (n.d.). Retrieved FebruaryRead MoreEffective Communication Among Group And Team Functioning2370 Words   |  10 PagesCommunication is the sharing of ideas, thoughts and information between or among individuals. The way we communicate varies greatly among cultures throughout the world and has an extremely powerful impact within group and team environments. Effective communication enables us to engage in enriching social interaction with others, and allows for the creation of environments where group and team functioning can flourish. As simple as communication may seem, much of what we express to others has theRead MoreEssay about Effective Communication and Team Building Efforts1144 Words   |  5 PagesMaking a Change The leader has to learn and develop a sound knowledge in communication skill which will enable him or her to build an excellent team in his organization because without effective communication, they will be description in organizational goal, stress, confusion and frustration between the leader and the members of the team and can lead to reduction in organizational success. The leader has to have open communication skill to facilitate and support the change process because every staffRead MoreThe Importance Of Effective Communication Within A Team And How This Was Accomplished1302 Words   |  6 Pagesimportance of effective communication within a team and how this was accomplished. Gibbs reflective cycle (1988) will be used to evaluate practice and the outcomes, whilst adhering to Local trust policies (2015) and NICE guidelines (2012). Confidentiality will be maintained in accordance with Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC, 2012). This case study will follow a gentleman on the dental list for the extraction of his lower left wisdom tooth. Before the operating session began the whole team participatedRead MoreTeamwork Promotes And Establishes Effective Communications Channels Within The Members Of The Team2077 Words   |  9 Pagesindividual. To this end, teams appear to have a synergy effect, which implies that the total outcome that is produced by the team is by far more than the equivalent result which the sum of the team’s part would have had. By and large, the formation of groups is very useful for the organization and its members, because they perform important tasks. Johnson, Kantner and Kikora (1990) support the rationale of forming groups through the following arguments: 1. Individuals within the team know each other wellRead MoreRelevance of Communication and Teamwork in Midwifery903 Words   |  4 Pagesskills, the relevance of communication and teamwork cannot be overstated. This is more so the case given the critical role midwives play as far as the provision of care to women, babies as well as families is concerned. This text concerns itself with communication and teamwork as two graduate attributes necessary for success in the midwifery profession. The Relevance of Communication and Teamwork in Midwifery To begin with, it is important to note that excellent communication skills are considered

The Groundhog by Richard Eberhart Analysis free essay sample

The Groundhog by Richard Eberhart In Richard Eberharts poem The Groundhog, the author uses his expertise in language to contrast life and death in nature. With diction and contrasting imagery the author discloses his idea that the world is in constant change. Changes in which things eventually decompose, or disappear, but also, at the same time saying that nature will renew itself. The groundhogs senseless change shows the irrational but ordered controlling force of nature as it decays and changes. The authors returning visits embody the change in the groundhog. In Eberharts four visits the groundhog changes. From a seething cauldron, becoming a bony sodden hulk, to only become bones bleaching, and only a little hair. The last visit there is no sign of the groundhog. The author feels so emotional over the continuing changes of the groundhog because he resents change. It makes him feel that he is not in control over himself and what is going on. We will write a custom essay sample on The Groundhog by Richard Eberhart: Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Eberhart treats it as if he is losing a tradition in his life, not feeling comfortable about life. The author capped a withered heart because that is his way of taking control of his life. Eberhart uses wonderful, artistic diction to illustrate contrasting imagery. He contrasts golden fields with the groundhog lying dead, and vigorous summer and dead lay he. The result of these comparisons creates the picture of a hot and calm summer day in a peaceful field with a dead groundhog. The mental picture created can be one of sadness and dismay that on such a wonderful day, such a horrible thing could happen. The frightening picture is amplified by inspecting close his maggots might. The author goes on further to contrast in the imagery by showing how he appreciates the groundhog and its slow decay. He inspects the body up close, but half with loathing of the dead creature, its smell, and disgusting appearance, and yet with a strange love, he shows how he strangely likes the animal and starts to care about the changes that it is going through, to renew nature. A change has happened to the author, the original concern for keeping reverence for knowledge has conflicted with an attempt for control, to be still, to quell the passion of the blood.

Feminism Essays (855 words) - Feminist Theory,

Feminism Feminism can be roughly defined as a movement that seeks to enhance the quality of women's lives by impacting the norms and moves of a society based on male dominance and subsequent female subordination. The means of change in the work place, politically, and domestically. Women have come a long way since the 19th century. Women have been trying to prove to the male dominant world that they are equal. They can perform and complete any tasks equal, or in some cases better than man. Feminism has changed the definition of men in many ways. Women in the work place have transposed dramatically since the 19th and mid 20th century. Even if women had any education in the 19th century they were not allow to manifest any of it. It just was not proper for women to give any signs of intelligence and a brain of their own. They were to prepare themselves to become wives and mothers, which were the extent of their entire lives. In the early and mid 20th century some women were starting to be brave and take a stand for themselves. The beginnings of feminism were starting to take its massive role in society. More and more women were getting educated and looking for employment opportunities that had power. Men no longer can be in control of everything. Men in the work place started to feel impotent. But women fed off each other and gave each other strength. They were not looking for just the secretarial jobs; they were taking some men's jobs and being good at it. They were becoming police officers, fireman, managers and business owners. Taking and sharing jobs with men, and performing just as well. For example, in the film Mr. Mom when the husband gets laid off work and the wife goes to work to support their family. It is very easy for a woman to do a man's job but very difficult for a man to take over a woman's duty at home. Another way women have changed the definition of men is politically. Many years ago women were not allowed to vote. But women changed that in the early 1900's. With the woman suffrage movement, it was a courageous and persistent political campaign, which lasted over 72 years, yet because of this women are allowed to vote today. This might have affected men greater than anything else, giving women power to vote and to actually give them a voice was ludicrous for men to allow. Ever since women have taken greater and greater roles in the political world. It was another sense of power or control men lost out in. In the reading Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, gives the voice of the many women who felt the same way she did. There was a need of change in society. But men too helped with the decision making of the 1900's. The suffrage movement both included men as supporters and depended on men for their votes. The suffrage question often received tens of thousands of male votes of approval, and ultimately, a virtual all-male Senate and House had to approve the amendment, along with 36 virtually all-male state legislatures. Courageous men risked ridicule and worse to actively support women's rights, and they offer far better role models today than many better-known political and military figures. Domestically, women and men have changed their roles dramatically. There were no questions before who would do the household duties. Now men and women share them equally. Women do not accept the stereotyping of "you're the wife you cook and clean." Men share with the cleaning and the cooking, even with the diaper changing. There are still many men who will not perform any of these duties. They still believe it is a woman's job. For instance, in the film Mr. Mom, Michael Keaton takes the role of the mother, but does a lousy job. The simplicity of changing a diaper is very difficult for him to do. But the fact that woman do not accept the husbands to sit around and do nothing anymore have changed men. Men know they can't get away with it anymore. Oppose to back to just the 1950's women would do it all when it came to the house. It was a way society viewed women, because of the television shows like, Leave it to Beaver, and the Brady Bunch. And the wives did all of the domestic duties there was to be done. Husbands would come home and

Portray Cleopatra Essay Example

Portray Cleopatra Essay Example Portray Cleopatra Paper Portray Cleopatra Paper In Act 2 Scene 2, Enobarbus describes the first meeting between Antony and Cleopatra on the Nile, in all its glory. Enobarbus, a typically blunt solider uses poetic language in describing Cleopatra’s appearance, showing the effect that the Egypt Queen has on men, making her seem all the more powerful. ‘The barge she sat in, like a burnished throne Burned in the water’ conveys a sensual impression of Cleopatra, showing her coming down the Nile in the most luxurious fashion making her seem like a desirable object for the Roman men. The description of silver and gold on the barge Cleopatra travelled on shows the elegance the Egyptian Queen carries with her and the impression she leaves on men. Enobarbus recalls the scene using both visual and olfactory imagery – ‘Purple the sails, and so perfumed that The winds were lovesick’, even personifying the wind, to give us the impression that Cleopatra is intoxicating to those who see her; that they can recall their time near her in great detail. It is said that Cleopatra’s appearance ‘beggared all description’ and that she is, ‘O’erpicturing the Venus where we see The fancy outwork nature’ – We get the impression through Enobarbus’ description that Cleopatra is a great beauty, as he cannot find words to describe her appearance; that not even the portrait of Venus herself is a match nor a strong enough portrayal of her. Caesural pauses are used throughout Enobarbus’ description, and these pauses help emphasise how breath taking Cleopatra seems to be. When the Egyptian Queen is on the barge, it is said ‘On each side her Stood pretty dimpled boys, like smiling Cupids’ – the simile used, shows the queen in almost awe, as cupids are associated with love which most people crave and when used with Cleopatra, it would portray her as wanton to be desired and craved. Nearly every detail of Cleopatra’s appearance is described by the solider, as he even notes that the winds ‘did seem To glow the delicate cheeks which they did cool’. This language would not have been expected from the almost cynical soldier, and gives us the impression that Cleopatra has a bewitching effect on those she meets, showing her to be even more desirable. Enobarbus later refers to Cleopatra’s gentlewomen who tend to her as mermaids and sea-nymphs, the daughters of Nereus the sea god – this makes Cleopatra seem almost other-worldly and gives us the impression that she is a beauty that no one has ever seen before; that she cannot simply be described in earthly terms. It is said that her gentlewomen ‘made their bends adorning’, their bowing movements help show the powerful position Cleoptra is in which gives us the impression she should not be overlooked but attention should be given to her. Cleopatra’s entrance on the barge seems almost mystical as Enobarbus says ‘the silken tackle Swell with the touches of those flower-soft hands’ adding to the sensual appearance of the Queens entry making her seems all the more desirable. Cleopatra seems to be intoxicating when approaching as it is said ‘a strange invisible perfume hits the sense’ making it seem as though the Egyptian has an effusive beauty about her which fills your every sense, leaving room for no other thoughts than of her. In Enobarbus’ description of Cleopatra’ entrance, he makes great use of polysyllabic language that would not be expected from a Roman Soldier, never mind used by him in describing an Egyptian beauty. This helps show the effect that Cleopatra has on nearly all men, giving the impression that she is that enchanting, men will fall and become besotted by her. Enobarbus mentions Antony first, in his political authoritarian manner through ‘Enthroned i’th’market-place, did sit alone’ but shows that he too was drawn to Cleopatra. We get the impression through this, that Cleopatra is that intriguing and electrifying that even the strongest soldiers fall for her. Enobarbus finally says ‘And made a gap in nature’ when describing Antony going to Cleopatra, to make it seem unnatural that a man of Antony’s position would seek her out, however this shows us that Cleopatra could captivate any man, despite their restraint.

Interpersonal Communication Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Interpersonal Communication - Term Paper Example Schuler in 1979 â€Å"took a major step forward in the area of research on organizational communication with his role-perception transaction-process model of organization communication, which describes the relationship among communication, role perceptions, and two outcome variables-satisfaction and performance† (Penley 309). It is evident that effective interpersonal communication enhances the satisfaction of employees and this would in turn result in better performance and subsequent easy accomplishment of the organizational goals. Today’s employees need to interact with consumers, coworkers and the management constantly and no employee would like to engage in work in isolation. These factors have increased the role of effective interpersonal communication skills in the business scenario. The positive outcomes of maintaining effective interpersonal communication skills within the organizational setting are many and varied. These may vary from increased productivity, g reater commitment to a very conducive work environment where each one can strive towards achieving the organizational goals. Researchers have emphasized that interpersonal skills help enhancing organizational commitment within the organizational culture. ... The researches resorted to a descriptive survey for the purpose of the study. The survey was administered on two public organizations in Qom city and the participants of the study were consisted of 106 individuals who were randomly selected from these two public organizations. It has been identified that â€Å"poor communication skills can cause irrevocable damage to relationships; affecting productivity, satisfaction, performance, morale, trust, respect, self confidence, and even physical health† (Matin Jandaghi and Karimi 387). It is, therefore, imperative that effective interpersonal skills are maintained and fostered in the workplace so as to endure healthy, positive and result oriented organizational behavior. There are many definitions of interpersonal communication. However, in the management and business scenario Avkiran’s definition is of great significance. For the author, â€Å"interpersonal communication skills are ability to respond to staff's needs positi vely, fostering a non-discriminatory work environment where staff can develop to their full personal potentials, and delegating authority† (Matin Jandaghi and Karimi 388). Managers and leaders needs to be advocates of interpersonal communication skills. Effective leaders can make use of their interpersonal communication skills to inspire and motivate their employees and in handling conflicts, developing team building and in promoting desirable organizational change as and when necessary. As efficient leader, through his/her interpersonal skills, can very easily motivate, persuade and empower his/her followers or employees. It is also worthwhile to unearth the relationship between organizational behavior and interpersonal communication in an organizational setting. One should always

Rio Carnival Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Rio Carnival - Essay Example The social background to the Carnival is that it was once considered to be a riotous, disorganized and essentially anti-authoritarian expression by the people that the government was forced to accept because of its popularity but which it did not positively condone. The Rio Carnival found its roots in the 1830's when the city's rich imported the practice of holding balls and masquerade parties from Paris. Gradually, over the next century, the festival took on the shape that it now holds, acquiring elements derived from African and South American Indian cultures. It is this mixture of cultures into a remarkably diverse and yet recognizably unified "Rio Carnival" that is the prime social characteristic of the celebration. The Carnival is the reason that Rio de Janeiro is famous throughout the world. Indeed, it may be the only thing that most people know about the city. This influences both the social and economic identity of the city, for better or worse. Thus while the original idea came from France, the cordoes were introduced by the Portuguese in the late 1800s. The cordoes were groups of people who danced through the streets playing music and generally celebrating. They are known today as blocos, and consist of people who dress in theme costumes and celebrate Carnival in a specific way. Certain neighborhoods are associated with certain blocos. In a social aspect that stems from a number of different traditions, a "fat man" is elected to act out the role of the Rei Morno, or the "King of Carnival" (Cowley, 2002). In recent years, cultural changes within the world as a whole, and within the developed world in particular, have been reflected within the social makeup of the Rio Carnival. For example, many different travel companies advertise the "Gay Rio Carnival" in which "the beaches are loaded with eye candy as far as the eye can see . . . people joke that everyone seems a little gay during carnival" (zoom, 2007). Small gay festivals have become a part of Carnival, and may be regarded as part of a sub-culture of hedonism in which this city, known for its surprisingly permissive attitudes vis--vis social mores, becomes even more accepting during this celebration of freedom. There is a great mixture of factors going into the social impact of Carnival upon the city in particular, and the country in general. As Teissl puts it: Carnival is all the little festivals and parades in the streets and favelas, Rio de Janeiro's poor quarters. Carnival is also masked balls, elegant and often uninhibited - even debauched, where one sees fewer masks but plenty of skin, And Carnival is a time for competition in which countless participants pay thousands of dollars for luxurious and fantastic costumes. But Carnival is also a time of fraternization, tolerance, and genuine human friendship. (Teissl, 2000) So variety and indeed a degree of contradiction exists within Carnival. Thousands of dollars may be spent on a single costume for a rich masked ball while in some neighborhoods that still attempt to celebrate Carnival the average yearly wage may not reach that amount. This contrast can be seen in two main ways. One, more positive manner is to regard it as showing just how universal the feelings and atmosphere surrounding Carnival is. Thus, within this interpretation, "Carnival" is a transcendent social structure which

Relationship Between Motivation And Performance

Relationship Between Motivation And Performance 1) To review the literature in order to understand the relationship between staff motivation and performance (including low absenteeism, reduced staff turnover etc.),and how increased empowerment of staff can improve staff motivation(including the comparison with the relevant motivating factors). 2) To review the literature in order to identify what is considered to be good practice in terms of both empowerment and recognition and to compare this with the current practice at the Bombay Hospital THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STAFF MOTIVATION AND INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE Shortages can be a symptom of demotivation, poor management and lack of organizational support (Zurn et al., 2005). Shortages are resulting in heavy workload, which is a precursor to job stress, and burnout, which have also been linked to low job motivation. Nurses job motivation is an elusive concept, which is defined within its extrinsic and intrinsic values (Cowin, 2002). Extrinsic values encompass the tangible aspects of the job including wages, benefits and bonuses, whereas intrinsic values include status, recognition, personal and professional development opportunities, and other similar factors (Cowin, 2002). Reasons for nurse demotivation have been well documented in the nursing literature. Such reasons include lack of involvement in decision-making, poor relationship with management, low salaries and poor benefits, lack of job security, poor recognition and lack of flexibility in scheduling (Albaugh,2003). Nurse demotivation has been also linked to emotional exhaustion and b urnout, Which can affect patient outcomes (Aiken et al., 1997). Furthermore Shields Ward (2001) and Tzeng (2002) has also stated that improper motivation is a primary predictor of nurses intent to leave (Shields Ward, 2001; Tzeng, 2002). A study conducted in the United States presented evidence showing that demotivated nurses were 65% more likely to have intent to leave compared to the motivated counterparts (Shields Ward, 2001). Other predictors of intent to leave vary from other motivation factors like low salaries and fringe benefits, inflexible work schedule (Coomber Barriball, 2007; Hayes et al, 2006), career advancement prospects (Tzeng, 2002, Rambur et al., 2003), in addition to poor management and job stress (Rambur et al., 2003). Nurses turnover is linked to situational factors (Larrabee et al., 2003) such as low levels of motivation (Tzeng, 2002). It is worth noting that improper motivation has also been found to be a better predictor of intent to leave as compared to the avail ability of other employment opportunities (Shields Ward, 2001; Purani Sahadev 2007). A study by El-Jardali et al. (2007) also found a negative correlation between motivation and intention to leave in Lebanese nurses. Their studys main objective was to examine the impact of motivation as a predictor variable on intention to leave used as dependent variable in the study. The finding of the study reveals that the main cause of the dissatisfaction and hence intention to leave was negatively associated with hospitals motivation schemes such as compensation and incentives (extrinsic rewards). Purani and Sahadev (2007) used motivation with multi-faceted construct as predictor variable and examine its impact on intention to leave among the nurses in India. Assuming one of the role as interaction and communication with clients and patient of both profession is common, their study also used experience as moderating variables to examine how working experience could affect motivation and inte ntion to leave relationship. Purani and Sahadev (2007) found that employees with long stay at workplace had higher level of motivation and would not incline to quit. Their finding also suggested that motivation and intention to leave relationship framework must also have other demographic variables consideration into the model of motivation and intention to leave. Pearson and Chong (1997) also examined the impact of job content and job information on motivation among Malaysian nurses in large public sector hospital. They found that job information is stronger predictor to nurses motivation and therefore argued that intrinsic factors such as job information and organization commitment also influence nurses motivation. However, they did recommend that motivation with information cues available to nurses are crucial to determine nurses motivation which may lead to intent to leave or higher job burnout, if not available. Tzeng (2002) examined the impact of working motivational factors a s well as job satisfaction factors as independent variables on nurses intention to leave in cross-sectional study in Taiwan. He found that low levels of motivation, emotional exhaustion and burnout and to the poor social image of the nursing profession influenced nurses intention to leave in Taiwans hospitals. This study therefore, suggested that motivation is a multi-faceted construct and should have both intrinsic as well as extrinsic factors to measure job satisfaction (Tzeng, 2002). HOW MOTIVATION AFFECTS EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE The extent to which employees are motivated in their work depends on how well those employees are able to provide output in their job. Motivation is expected to have a positive effect on quality performance. Employees who are characterized by a high level of motivation show a higher work and life satisfaction. Having a high level of motivation is therefore in itself valuable for employees and a decrease in motivation might affect employees negatively. The motivation leads to high level of initiative and creativity from the employee and where monitoring is difficult, motivation is therefore extremely important for ensuring high quality performance. In Armco Health Center, the quality of employee performance is measured by three individual measures of employee performance. The first measure of the individual performance items is a self-rating measure of employee performance through a program called SAP. The performance of the employee asks to indicate eight-points scale how well the em ployee is doing the job. The second measure of the performance of the Armco Health Center is the extent to which the nurses are willing to conduct tasks that are not part of their job description. The employees are asked to report on the SAP about their willingness to perform additional tasks that are not expected from them regularly and to think constructively about how the organization they work for could be proved. Last item that measure the performance of the nurses are the number of days they were absent. EMPOWERMENT AND STAFF MOTIVATION Nursing is increasingly broad in scope and encompasses an ever widening range of work behaviors and role responsibilities. However, they work within a climate of uncertainty and disempowerment along with high organizational demands placing them under considerable stress (1,2). This condition threatens both physical and emotional wellbeing of nurses and the profession itself and may results to low nurses commitment which in turn may contribute to disengagement or withdrawal of nurses from their organizations (3,4). Consequently, threatens organizational functioning and the quality care, since low nurses commitment leads to absenteeism or poor performance (5). However, the nurses low commitment is being a problem in many countries, Aiken et al(6) have cautioned that the health care workforce faces the serious risk of losing one in five registered nurse for reasons other than retirement. Supportively, several other studies revealed that the turnover rate for hospital registered nurse is among the highest rates found for professional and technical occupational groups (7,8). In addition, in 2002 the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations (JCAHO) recorded that current annual registered nurse turnover rates range from 18% to 26% (9). Moreover, Victorian Governmental Department of Human Services Research suggests that at low levels of job satisfaction and organizational commitment, retention of nursing staff is difficult and this in turn increases absenteeism (10). The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, like many other countries is also suffering from nursing low commitment which evidenced by registered nurses high turnover rate and resignation(11). However, some national studies and articles highlighted that governmental sectors in Riyadh city were suffering for many years from high turnover rate of nurses that reached to 70% in some hospitals and resulted in high nurses shortage (12,13) . Along with working condition, salary, nursing disempowerment and uncertainty being cited to explain why the nurses exhibit poor work performance or uncommitted to their organization. In a research conducted by Attree (17) that studies the relationship between nurses perception regarding their control and governance , revealed that registered nurse were dissatisfied with their governance, perceived lack of control over their everyday practice and commented on a popular perception that they had become disempowered , lacked influence and asserted that they have fairly little power. Its the managers and physicians who have the power, not nurses. Both managers and physicians decided, told and expected from the nurse to just get on with it, without discussion, or negotiation. As Salvage (18), nurses may see themselves as skilled practitioners, but the public still clings to its old image of the nurse as the doctors handmaiden. This indicates that nurses are not powerless due to lack in competence, motivation, and/or information, but because lack of awareness and enabling system and structure. Foser and Hoggett (19) termed this situation as a Do more with less culture where rhetoric is designed to empower the exhausted workers by emphasizing their commitment to organizational goals . However, disparity between the nurses desired and perceived autonomy and control over daily job activities interferes with nurses attempts to perform according to their expectations as professionals and may contribute to disengagement and withdrawal from the profession of nursing (17). Parallel to this is the national view of nursing in Saudi culture. Abu- Zinada (11,20) stated in many articles that the nurses were disempowered, and have a feeling of uncertainty. In contrast, she saw that the nurse has the right to make decisions that are separate of the physician ones. Moreover, Al-morshed (21) considered that the nurses were not assistants to the physician or that their role is limited to giving injection or helping a patient, since the nursing is a science before everything. Thus, creating conditions that foster a sense of empowerment in healthcare settings are critical to both employee wellbeing and organizational success(22) . For employee well-being, empowerment offers opportunities for learning, development, and playing a more active role in operational decisions through the personal development and involvement in decision making. As a result, employees can sense their feelings of self-worth, meaningfulness, job satisfaction and morale that result from their contributions and control or autonomy over their work. Additionally, empowerment is essential for enhancing nurses role, strengthening the professional image, and continuously improving the healthcare system. It allows the nurses to perform in a professional manner by being more autonomous, responsible and participative (23). For organizational success, many hospitals uses the concept of empowerment as a retention strategies to improve nurses commitment by fostering the desire not to leave the organization for selfish interests or marginal gains, and increase willingness to work by making personal sacrifice, performing beyond normal expectations , endure difficult times with an organization and increasing acceptance of organizations values and goals . As a consequence, nurses will be less burned-out and more engaged in their work and will contribute to organizational effectiveness (24). Although, the concept of empowerment is frequently used in health services and in nursing ,particularly in relation to the quality of care, since the mission of nursing is to provide safe and quality nursing care thereby enabling patients to achieve their maximum level of wellness(25). Also empowerment play a significant role in the management of job stress and job satisfaction as well as in nurse attraction and retention ( 26). Hence, creating healthy work conditions that empowered nurses and provide freedom to act according to their expectation as a professional, may be a fruitful strategy for nurse managers and administrators to retain nurses who currently work by promoting their commitment to the organization, especially in a critical care settings. Nowadays, many seek power but few possess it. Nurses are not exception (Marquis and Huston, 2000). In health care settings, an unequal power base exists among administrator, physicians, and nurses as a result of the competing goals of administration and the coexistence of multiple lines of authority (Sabiston and Laschinger, 1995). The rigidity of hierarchical rule-bound structures has been specifically blamed for nurses inability to sufficiently control the content of their practice (Laschinger and Havens, 1996). Kanter (1993) proposed that an individuals effectiveness on the job is influenced largely by organizational aspects of the work environment. This author identified power and access to opportunities to learn and grow, as structural determinants affecting the behavior of the individual. This power is derived from the ability to mobilize information, support, and resources necessary for getting the job done. Access to these empowering structures is influenced by the degree of formal and informal power an employee has in the organization (Kanter,1993). Formal power evolves from having a defined job that affords flexibility, visibility and centrality to organizational purpose and goals whereas informal power is determined by the extent of employees networks and alliances with sponsors, peers, and subordinates within the organization. Access to these empowering structures has a positive impact on employees, resulting in increase in their job satisfaction, level of organizational commitment and feelings of autonomy. Consequently, employees are more productive and effective in meeting organizational goals (Dutcher and Adams, 1994 ; Laschinger et. al., 1999). Nurses autonomy or control over work was seriously limited by unequal power relationships with medical staff, which enhanced physician power and restricted the nurses freedom, and consequently hindered their empowerment (McParland et al., 2000). To achieve excellence in nursing requires empowered staff nurses in order to be effective in their roles, and to be more autonomous (Marquis and Huston, 2000). Nurses who perceive them to be empowered are more likely to enhance client care through more effective work practice. Thus by providing the sources of job-related empowerment and autonomy, work methods and outcomes could be improved (Kanter, 1993; Sabiston and Laschinger, 1995). EMPOWERMENT IMPROVES MOTIVATION Empowerment. Thomas and Velthouse (1990) define empowerment as personal power that flows from professional growth, which is correlated with job satisfaction. Klakovich (1995) further states that the empowerment of nursing staff may be the critical variable in achieving positive organizational outcomes while maintaining the caring values of the nursing profession Klakovich (1996) defines three dimensions of empowerment as reciprocity, synergy, and ownership. Empowerment is a reciprocal leader-follower relationship that advances and aligns strategies, both organizational and individual (Klakovich, 1995). The Reciprocal Empowerment Scale tool reports in three subscales: reciprocity and synergy sub-scales represent the interactive leader/follower process; the ownership subscale represents the outcomes . Reciprocity involves a leadership behavior pattern of sharing power, support and information. Empowerment Research has shown correlations between nursing leadership job satisfaction and e mpowerment (Laschinger et al., 2003; Mrayyan, 2004). In recent years, the idea of empowerment has become popular in the nursing literature (Kluska et al., 2000; Laschinger Finegan, 2005). The review of the literature reveals empowerment being used in various contexts; such as, mental health, chronic care, and health promotion (Dahlgaard Dahlgaard, (2003), Paterson(2001) . In these contexts, the concept of empowerment incorporates positive and respectful relationships through constant dialog (Ellefsen Hamilton, (2000) Prybil( 2003). Morrison, Jones, and Fuller (1997) performed a non-experimental descriptive study that explored the effects of leadership style and empowerment on nursing job satisfaction. The participants included various nursing personnel, such as nurse managers, nursing assistants, nursing clinical leaders, licensed practical nurses and staff nurses. The researchers examined how staff nurses perceived empowerment The researchers results in their variance analysis i ndicated a statistically significant difference in empowerment among different job classifications within the organization Empowerment accounted for more variance with job satisfaction for licensed personnel than for unlicensed personnel, as well as, for differing by type of satisfaction. The researchers findings indicate the importance of empowerment to staff nurse job satisfaction. They also show the contribution of empowerment to job motivation and how they vary by personnel. This study gives reason for performing this research study that examined the relationship of nurse empowerment and motivation Furthermore, studies have shown that Indian nurses had a moderate empowerment level and their actual work empowerment perception was significantly lower than their expectation (Huang, Lin, Hsu, Chen, Huang, 2003). The findings also showed that nurses had the lowest score on participation in decision making. Researchers pointed out that the nursing leaders tended to use authority and might only consult several members opinions for decision making. The opportunity for nurses to participate in decision making is limited. As such, frontline nurses might think decision making is the managers responsibility, not theirs (Mok Au-Yeung, 2002). Participation can be seen as the highest level of empowerment. Nurses level of participation in decision making (PDM) can be used as an important indicator of empowerment. In western health care system, it has been found that the area where nurses prefer to be involved in decision-making is more related to the context of nursing practice, such as nursing unit operation (Blegen et al., 1993). Yet, in Indian nurses PDM is still not well studied. The extent to which nurses prefer to be or are actually involved in decision making is still not clear. Laschinger and Finegan (2005) surveyed 273 medical, surgical and critical care nurses concluding that structural empowerment had a direct effect on organizational trust and respect, job motivation and commitment. An important addition to the understanding of empowerment in nursing education was another finding that empowerment increased motivation level of the nurses (Falk-Raphael, Chinn, Anderson, Laschinger, Rubotzky, 2004) Work empowerment has been linked to many other important organizational outcomes, such as job motivation, organizational commitment, lower levels of job stress and empowering leader behaviors (Spence-Laschinger, Tuer-Hodes, 2003). Hollinger-Smith and Ortigara (2004) stated that nurses perceptions of work empowerment are related to commitment to and trust in the organization, autonomy, participation in organizational decision-making, and job motivation. Increased autonomy and work motivation have been directly linked to nurse retention and increased patient satisfaction (Hollinger-Smith Ortigara, 2004). Empowering work environments can also influence nurses ability to practice in a professional manner, ensuring excellent patient care and positive organizational outcomes. Organizational changes have a direct effect on the work environment and may contribute to higher rates of demotivation, burnout and absenteeism among staff (Kuokkanen, Savikko Doran, 2007). Factors of empowerment c an also provide a way to measure the effects of organizational changes (Kuokkanen et al., 2007). To achieve excellence in nursing requires empowered staff nurses in order to be effective in their roles, and to be more autonomous (Marquis and Huston, 2000). Nurses who perceive them to be empowered are more likely to enhance patient care through more effective work practice. Thus by providing the sources of job-related empowerment and autonomy, work methods and outcomes could be improved (Kanter, 1993; Sabistonand Laschinger, 1995). In Sochalskis (2002) survey of nurse empowerment , it was found that 1 out of 3 staff nurse participants (manager and staff level) were dissatisfied and hence demotivated in their job. Increasing job satisfaction, as it positively correlates with empowerment and organizational commitment, is a strategy to help retain employees (Laschinger, Finegan, Shamian, Casier, 2000). As patient care becomes more technologically advanced and complex, (requiring greater experience on the part of nursing staff to perform the job correctly), workplace stability and a utonomy become invaluable in a hospital setting (Laschinger et al,2000.). Many researchers have concluded that building collaborative decision making teams will empower both nursing and managerial staff; which boosts morale and work performance (Cowin, 2002 Kluska et al., 2004). Ellefsen and Hamilton (2000) concluded that nurse empowerment encourages nurses in management positions to perform their duties efficiently and with confidence and competence. Research suggests when hospital leadership encourages subordinate empowerment; there is a direct link to increased subordinate job satisfaction and motivation (Laschinger, Finegan, Shamian, Wilk, 2001). Evidence has shown that empowered nurses shift their self-perceived role from that of a subordinate to collaborator; which encourages consensus building, improves job ownership, improves trust and the followers motivation, sense of responsibility and organizational commitment( Wagner ,2006 Watson, 2002). Empowerment not only increase s job motivation, but inspirational and visionary transformational leadership encourages the highest level of staff efficiency and productivity (Keuter, Byrne, Voell, Larson, 2000; Moss Rowles, 1997). Masi (2000) concluded that empowerment provides opportunities for choice and promotes autonomy, which allows subordinates to demonstrate their competencies. The espoused benefits of empowerment The supposed benefits of empowerment can be broadly divided into two areas: benefits for the organization; and benefits for the individual. Much of the empirical research into empowerment has focused on organizational benefits assuming that these are the driving force behind attempts to engender empowered working (Cunningham et al., 1996). Certainly the motivation for managerial adoption of empowerment is typically driven to help managers manage and improve work organization and job performance, not to primarily create an environment that is beneficial for the employee (Psoinos and Smithson, 2002). Global competition and a changing business environment have prompted organizational change in response to increased pressures to improve efficiency and performance (Lawler et al., 1992). It has been argued that organizations with higher levels of empowerment have demonstrated improvements in various economic performance areas (Applebaum et al., 1999). The economic benefits of empowerment s pecifically may be difficult to assess as often it is introduced as part of a broader initiative such as BPR and TQM (Psoinos and Smithson, 2002). Despite the espoused organisational benefits Argyris (1998) argues that empowerment has still not delivered the promised benefits, remaining a myth rather than reality. While it could be argued that the primary motive for empowerment is initially driven by the need to improve the economic performance of the organisation, benefits to the individual employee have also been identified. Nykodym et al. (1994) found that employees who consider themselves empowered have reduced conflict and ambiguity in their role, as they are able to control (to a certain extent) their own environment. They suggested that this reduces emotional strain on the employee. Similarly, it has been suggested that empowered employees have a greater sense of job satisfaction, motivation and organisational loyalty (Koberg et al., 1999, Spreitzer et al., 1997). Empowerment cannot only impact attitudes but it can also impact on performance, specifically employee productivity (Koberg et al., 1999) and employee effectiveness (Spreitzer et al., 1997). Overall the literature points to many potential benefits to both organisations and employees like if the workplace empowerment is successful, then it produces a win-win situation (Lashley, 1999). However, despite the strong support for empowerment in theory, in practice empowerment may exist in rhetoric only and control is the reality for employees (Sewell and Wilkinson, 1992). Although it may be considered that employee empowerment will improve organizational performance but it is possible that empowered employees are not necessarily more motivated or have higher levels of job satisfaction (Collins, 1999). Thus the benefits of empowerment should not be assumed to automatically occur nor should the rhetoric of empowerment be confused with the reality. Measurement of the employee benefits is very difficult t o achieve. Unlike organisational benefits which can be measured using objective facts, individual benefits are much more complex. Certain objective measures, such as absence and turnover rates have been applied in this context (Psoinos and Smithson, 2002). However, it is often considered that softer measures of employees attitudes may provide informative insights omitted by other more tangible measures (Psoinos and Smithson, 2002). FACTORS IMPORTANT FOR MOTIVATING EMPLOYEES One of the most perplexing healthcare retention issues is keeping newly licensed nurses from leaving after just a year or two of employment in the clinical setting (Zucker, Goss, Williams, Bloodworth, Lynn, Denker, et al., 2006). Kovner, Brewer, and Djukic (2007) presented evidence that 13% of newly licensed 1490 RNs had changed principal jobs after one year, and 37% reported that they felt ready to change jobs. Nurses leave the profession mainly because of low pay and poor job satisfaction (DiMeglio, Padula, Piatek, 2005)Hence pay and motivation at workplace are very important factors of retaining the staff. Therefore, nurse leaders are faced with two challenges: to recruit sufficiently qualified nurses and to establish rewarding work cultures that promote retention. Recruiting a younger generation of nursing staff members and meeting retention demands of cross-generational nurses will be a challenge like no other previously seen in healthcare (Cordinez, 2002). Newly licensed nurse s recruitment and retention into the workplace are fundamental strategies for ensuring that healthcare systems have the continued capacity to deliver patient care (Berliner Ginzberg, 2002). Understanding why newly licensed registered nurses choose to remain in nursing is an essential component of recruitment and retention strategies. Despite a recent four year trend of increasing nursing school enrollment and graduation of qualified nurses (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2005), the latest data on the shortage of RNs in the United States is estimated to reach about 500,000 by 2025 (Buerhas, Staiger, Auerbach, 2000.This study shows that nursing shortage is going to increase and hence motivating factors like pay,proper work environment and empowerment are necessary for retaining the experienced nurse staff. Hecker (2005) predicts that more than one million new and replacement nurses will be needed by the year 2014. The problem is that many of the newly licensed nurses w ill not remain in nursing and will choose to leave the profession within four years of graduation from a nursing program (Sochalski, 2002). In a study by Bowles and Candela (2005), 30% of newly licensed RNs left their first nursing position within one year of employment, and 57% left their first nursing position within two years of employment.This study further provides evidence that adds to the case study done by Kovner, Brewer, and Djukic (2007) which also adds to data and evidence that nurses are leaving their profession due to lack of empowerment and motivation in hospitals. The nursing shortage and the high incidence of turnover among newly licensed nurses within the first year of employment need to be investigated. It is well documented that nurses are leaving the profession because they are dissatisfied with current working conditions and not because they are disenchanted with the ideal of nursing, which originally attracted them to the profession (Lynn Redman, 2005; Strachota, Normandin, OBrien, Clary, Krukow, 2003). There is limited research that addresses newly licensed registered nurses career choices post-graduation. The future of nursing rests in the ability to recruit and retain upcoming generations to the profession.Currently, however, there is limited knowledge concerning what influences the decisions of newly licensed registered nurses to remain in nursing. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify factors that influence newly licensed registered nurses decision to remain in nursing. The shortage of people entering professional nursing, nurses dissatisfaction, and high turnover of newly licensed registered nurses are issues of concern. The national shortage in the nursing workforce highlights the critical importance of encouraging nurses to remain in practice. Evidence suggests that a shortage of nurses is detrimental not only to quality of patient care, but also to staff morale, which in turn affects staff retention (Wilson, 2006). The socialization and assimilation of newly licensed nurses into the healthcare system is a pivotal event that influences the retention of nurses (Aiken, Clarke, Sloane, Sochalaski, Silber, 2002). Professional socialization and work readiness are contributing factors to the retention of newly licensed registered nurses. The transition from student to new nurse is a vital period in several ways. It is the quality of this transitional experience that is likely to influence new nurse retention (Clare van Loon, 2003; Duchsch er, 2001; Ewens, 2003). Professional socialization, a potential buffer to the effects of reality shock, includes the acquisition of knowledge, skills, identity, occupational traits, values, norms, and self-concept (Mamchur Myrick, 2003). The process of professional socialization, from career choice to transition to enculturation to the practice setting is influenced by others, especially other nurses (Beck, 2000; Hinds Harley, 2001). It is this initial professional socialization of nurses that will determine the success or failure of retaining new nurses in the healthcare workplace. The increasing complexity of health services and the acuity of patient care create an expectation by the healthcare organization that the new nurse will hit the ground running (Cowin Hengstberger-Sims, 2006, p. 61). Furthermore, Cowin and Hengstberger-Sims believe the workplace expects newly licensed nurses to quickly fulfill their potential as knowledgeable workers, but the health organization remune rates newly licensed nurses at the lowest possible pay scale. These researchers asserted that incongruencies such as high level of stress related to responsibility and high workloads paired with minimum pay compound the effects of reality shock of nurses new to the field. The healthcare workplace demands work readiness from its newest nurses and the partnership of responsibilit

Key Events Leading to Revolutionary War Essay -- essays research paper

Events Leading to the Revolutionary War In the 18th century, world advances were made through ones connections. The closer relationship one had with the king, the better opportunity they have. Cronyism allows people with less talent to rise in society. However, living in colonies reduced the influence of cronyism. One could rise economically and socially through hard work and good fortune. In Britain, King George III appointed George Grenville as first minister with responsibility for solving the debt crisis of the Seven Years’ war. The British at home were highly taxed so it seemed reasonable to tax the Americans as well. The Parliament taxing the colonists without representation led to some of the key events leading to the American Revolution. The Stamp Act was a tax created by the Parliament that required people to buy stamps for paper transactions such as newspapers, legal documents and playing cards. The stamps were to be bought only with specie, which was hard to get because it was scarce. The colonists mostly used paper money or credit. This tax affected everyone in the colonies, from the wealthy to the poor, to business owners, to lawyers, and even commoners. Colonial assemblies saw the stamp act as infringement on their power. Not even people with authority in the colonies had a say on these taxes. Other groups saw it as a nuisance and as legislation that could increase cronyism and dependence on political connections. The colonists protested against the Stamp Act; they threatened and attacked the people who distributed the stamps and formed groups to lead protests. The â€Å"Sons of Liberty† was a group who led some of the protests and also organized networks to boycott British goods. In 1776 the Stamp Act w as repealed. The king and the Parliament both agreed that the Stamp Act was a bad idea but still felt that the colonists needed to be taxed. The Parliament then put out the Declatory Act which asserts the right to tax Britain including all of its colonies. Since Parliament felt that the Colonists still needed to be taxed, the Townshend Revenue Act of 1767 conceived by Charles Townshend was passed. This was a tax on imported goods such as paint, teas, glass, paper and lead. It also authorized courts to crack down on smuggled merchandise. This tax was not any better than the Stamp act. â€Å"It raised revenue without the approval of colonial assemblies and... ...ed the First Continental Congress. They met to discuss the declaration of their rights, but were not ready to declare independence. They took a militant stance by saying â€Å"Everyone qualified to fight should learn ‘the art of war as soon as possible, and†¦appear under arms at least once a week† (Ayers 143). They also created an economic boycott, ending all trade with Great Britain. The Committees of Observation and Safety was made to enforce the ban on local trade through elected local committees. King George III considered this as a rebellion and took forceful action in the battles of Lexington and Concord. Only 8 colonists died and out of 700 British soldiers, 73 died and 202 were missing or wounded. They were harassed back to Boston and surrounded by militias. Being taxed by the parliament only makes the colonists realize that they don’t need to take orders from the British anymore. Resisting those taxes became a war for independence. They no longer need to have ties to a country that they have nothing to do with. By protesting against the parliament the colonists were finding that they can self-govern themselves, rather than having to rely on the parliament to do it for them.

Breadfruit Analysis / Reactions

Breadfruit is a short poem written by English poet Philip Larkin. The poem is composed of only two stanzas, each composing of eight lines. The poem is about the failure of men to mature when they dream of unrealistic things, as referred in line14 of the second stanza—the demise of a fantasy of living a life that resembles that of a life in a tropical paradise amidst the reality of life. The title â€Å"Breadfruit† is misleading because the poem is not exactly about the fruit itself. In fact the speaker does not even know what Breadfruits are.â€Å"†¦Whatever they are. † (line 2 and 17). The fruit bears no significance except as an ornament for the native girls. The first line, â€Å"Boys dream of native girls who bring breadfruit. † (line 1) shows readers images of a tropical island paradise where native girls are stereotypically innocent and offer foreigners, in the poem’s case, the boys, a tropical fruit which is breadfruit. As mentioned, the use of breadfruit is insignificant; it may have been just a random tropical fruit that Larkin chose.He could have used coconuts, bananas, or any fruit that is typically found in tropical areas. The third line and fourth lines â€Å"As bribes to teach them how to execute/ Sixteen sexual positions on the sand;† (3-4). This sexual aspiration is of course from the point of view of the day dreaming boys. Although tropical island girls may have been stereotyped (thanks mostly to the movies) as innocent, willing to explore anything types, I don’t think island girls would give an offering as it were, just to satisfy their sexual desires. Specifics again do not matter in this poem.Just as the Breadfruit, at least in my opinion does not bear significance, the number of sexual positions does not really have any symbolic meaning. It could have been just an aesthetic technique of Larkin to relate the number sixteen to the age of the island girls that were willing to offer breadfru it for sex. And again, it is just the product of the boys’ fantasies so the number may be relatively higher to emphasize the unrealistic fantasy. The rest of the lines in the first stanza, lines 5-8, are about the result of the island girls sleeping with the boys.â€Å"This makes them join (the boys) the tennis club,/Jive at the Mecca, use deodorants, and/ On Saturdays squire ex-schoolgirls to the pub/ By private car. † (5-8). The lines suggests that once the island girls have slept with the boys, they would be civilized and let go of their island ways. In a sense, it shows the corruption that sex can possibly do. If the first stanza is all about the dream, then the second stanza is about the realization that these dreams are exactly what they are—dreams. The daydreaming ends, the boys change into men and now they are in churches, probably with their wives, and in offices.â€Å"Such uncorrected visions end in church/ Or registrar:† (9-10). The speaker men tions that these dreams are visions that are â€Å"uncorrected† meaning the speaker too realizes that it is wrong to dream of such things. The rest of the lines, except for the last two which is somewhat a repetition of the first two lines, are all about realities of life in contrast to the fantasies of the first stanza. The lines give examples of negative realities; â€Å"A mortgaged semi†¦, a widowed mum having to scheme with money; illness; age.† These examples show that life has more serious things to attend to other than wandering off in a daydream in an island with innocent, promiscuous girls. The theme of the poem does not have to be thought of that much because the speaker mentions it perfectly at the last lines of the poem. â€Å"Maturity falls, when old men sit and dream/ Of naked native girls who bring breadfruit/ Whatever they are. † (14-16). It is immature for grown men to daydream if they have responsibilities to attend to. Reference Larkin, P . (1961). Breadfruit. Retrieved May 15, 2009. from http://www. philiplarkin. com/pom/pomcurrent. html

Jane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte - 1379 Words

Belonging, equality, and society verses self are all common ideas in the media. These themes will always be present in the world because humans are always searching for self-actualization, to be treated as equal or better, and to keep self-morals despite pressuring societies. The novel Jane Eyre by Charlotte BrontÃ'‘ explores these themes. Authors tend to write what they know and these themes can reflect how BrontÃ'‘ viewed the world around her. Charlotte BrontÃ'‘ uses Jane Eyre to explore 19th century feminism, sense of belonging and family, and how to keep individual morals when society does not favor those morals. Jane is a woman searching for where she belongs. In the exposition of the novel it is revealed that Jane has no knowledge of her†¦show more content†¦Rochester. This sense of belonging fades as well when Mr. Rochester’s true wife is revealed, and Jane once again has to move on. In moving on Jane’s family relations on her father’s side are discovered in the new friends she makes. Knowing that she has family that actually care about her causes her soul to feel at peace. â€Å"It seemed I had found a brother: one I could be proud of, - one I could love; and two sisters, whose qualities were such, that, when I knew them but as mere strangers, they had inspired me with genuine affection and admiration,† (338). The only thing missing in her view of the perfect family and belonging is Mr. Rochester, who she marries at the end of the novel. Her cousins still visit, she helps look after Adela and eventually has children of her own. Jane, while wanting to belong, still wants equality and respect. This theme presents itself while Ms. Eyre searches for where she belongs. Many times she believes she finds where and who she belongs with as a family only for her independent and passionate nature to cause problems. When Bertha, Mr. Rochester’s wife, is discovered, it is Jane, who refuses to keep her relationship with Mr. Rochester because she will not allow herself to be someone’s mistress. Jane refuses to belittle herself to the emotional and societal status of a mistress to appease the man she loves. Jane herself states that, â€Å"’I am no bird; and no net ensnares me; I amShow MoreRelatedJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1601 Words   |  7 Pagesfeminist, one must see it through the lens of the time and place Brontà « wrote it. Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre was a feminist work in that Bronte expressed disdain for oppressive gender structures through the voice of Jane Eyre, and the acti ons of Bertha Mason. Jane Eyre was a steamy novel for its time, with imagery as blatantly concealed as Jane’s description of Rochester’s hand as being â€Å"rounded, muscular; and vigorous†¦long, strong†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Brontà « 312) A modern reader might blush at the description and itsRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1437 Words   |  6 Pagestools that depict history. One great work of art that portrays these constant struggles is Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontà «. While addressing social issues of a governess, Brontà « also tackles Victorian society’s corrupt and unjust ideals by using different settings and characters such as Mr. Rochester and Gateshead Manor. In Jane Eyre, the depiction of a rigid social class restricts the protagonist, Jane Eyre, from marrying her love, Mr. Rochester. Sadly, Jane’s relationship is also jeopardized by passionRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1374 Words   |  6 PagesJane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte Within the specter of the Gothic fictions arises the atmosphere of gloom, terror, and mystery with some elements of uncanny challenging reality. One major characteristic function of the Gothic fictions is to open the fiction to the realm of the irrational and perverse narratives, obsessions, and nightmarish terrors that hide beneath the literally civilized mindset in order to demonstrate the presence of the uncanny existing in the world known rationally through experienceRead MoreJane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte781 Words   |  3 PagesThrough her trials and tribulations, Charlotte Bronte has kept her passion for poetry alive and remains as one of the most influential British poets of all times. Even though she is one of the most famous female writers of all times, she is mostly famous for her most popular novel Jane Eyre. Charlotte Bronte has experienced more tragedy in her life than happiness by losing her mother and all five of her siblings. But, in her moments of tragedy, she expre ssed her feelings through poetry. As a resultRead MoreJane Eyre, By Charlotte Bronte949 Words   |  4 PagesSurrounded by witnesses, Jane stands in front of the minister, poised to take her marital vows as the mystery of Thornfield unravels. Unbeknownst to her, Rochester’s actual wife, Bertha Mason, is within close proximity.The knowledge of Bertha, and the mystery, will pose as a test to Jane s morals and her character. Through Jane Eyre, a powerful Victorian-era novel, Charlotte Bronte portrays the role of women in Victorian society while masterfully solidifying Jane’s role as its polar opposite: anRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1714 Words   |  7 Pages Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brà ¶nte voiced the radical opinions of Brà ¶nte on religion, gender, and social class. Jane Eyre, a young orphan who lived with her vituperative aunt and cousins, strayed away from the Victorian ideals of a woman and established a new status for herself. Jane Eyre was originally written in 1827 and was heavily influenced by the late gothic literature of the 19th century. Gothic literary aspects such as supernatural occurrences, mysteries and dark secrets, madness and dangerRead MoreJane Eyre, By Charlotte Bronte1620 Words   |  7 PagesIt is often said that it is the role of literature to challenge and confront the conventional values of a society. In the novel, Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Bronte the idea of challenging and confronting conventional values is stressed often. Perhaps it is in relation to the author herself, as seen in the autobiographical elements recognizable throughout the novel. Some of these autobiographical elements include the form of which the novel is written in, called Bildungsroman where the story is focusedRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1203 Words   |  5 PagesThe nineteenth-century Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte is considered to be a gothic novel. Gothic literature took place mostly in England from 1790 to 1830, falling in to the category of Romantic literature. The Gothic takes its roots from previous horrifying writing that extends back to the Middle Ages and can still be found in writings today by many authors including Charlotte Bronte. The strong description of horror, abuse, and gruesomeness in Gothic novels reveals truths to readers through realisticRead MoreJane Eyre, By Charlotte Bronte929 Words   |  4 PagesIn Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Brontà « explores how Jane wants to find love--not just romantic love but to value and sense of belonging. The book challenges how the language of middle-class love affects the way a character’s self-identity can alter the action, how Jane sees herself later when she found love and sense of belonging as independent women. When Jane was a child she struggles to find her own identity Jane begins to change through her journey once she realizes her own identity and this helpsRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1359 Words   |  6 PagesFollowing the ex periences of Jane Eyre, Charlotte Bronte, expresses many elements of gothic literature throughout her novel Jane Eyre. In her perfect understanding of gothic literature, she expresses the three types of evil commonly found in gothic literature, including the evil of the supernatural, the evil within or the instinctual evil motives of humans, and lastly, the evil because of societal influence. Jane Eyre experiences all of these three evils with her aunt and three cousins with her residency